---

Labiodental consonant

From MedBib.com - Medicine & Nature

This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2009)

Places of articulation
• Labial
Bilabial
Labial-velar
Labial-alveolar
Labiodental
Dentolabial
• Bidental
• Coronal
Linguolabial
Interdental
Dental
Denti-alveolar
Alveolar
Apical
Laminal
Subapical
Postalveolar
Alveolo-palatal
Retroflex
• Dorsal
Palatal
Labial-palatal
Velar
Uvular
Uvular-epiglottal
• Radical
Pharyngeal
Epiglotto-pharyngeal
Epiglottal
• Glottal
This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
view • talk • edit

In phonetics, labiodentals are consonants articulated with the lower lip and the upper teeth. The labiodental consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet are:

IPA	Description	Example
		Language	Orthography	IPA	Meaning
p̪	voiceless labiodental plosive
b̪	voiced labiodental plosive
p̪͡f	voiceless labiodental affricate	Tsonga	N/A	[tiɱp̪͡fuβu]	'hippos'
b̪͡v	voiced labiodental affricate	Tsonga	N/A	[ʃileb̪͡vu]	'chin'
ɱ	labiodental nasal	English	symphony	[ˈsɪɱfəni]	'symphony'
f	voiceless labiodental fricative	English	fan	[fæn]	'fan'
v	voiced labiodental fricative	English	van	[væn]	'van'
ʋ	labiodental approximant	Dutch	wang	[ʋɑŋ]	'cheek'
	labiodental flap	Mono	vwa	[ѵa]	'send'

The IPA symbol ɧ refers to a sound occurring in Swedish, officially described as similar to the velar fricative [x], but one dialectal variant is a rounded, velarized labiodental, less ambiguously rendered as [fˠʷ].

Occurrence

The only common labiodental sounds to occur phonemically are the fricatives and the approximant. With most other manners of articulation, the norm are bilabial consonants (which together with labiodentals, form the class of labial consonants).

[ɱ] is quite common, but in all or nearly all languages in which it occurs, it occurs only as an allophone of /m/ before labiodental consonants such as /v/ and /f/. It has been reported to occur phonemically in a dialect of Teke, but similar claims in the past have proven spurious.

The XiNkuna dialect of Tsonga features a pair of affricates as phonemes. In some other languages, such as Xhosa, affricates may occur as allophones of the fricatives. These differ from the German bilabial-labiodental affricate <pf>, which commences with a bilabial p. All these affricates are rare sounds.

The plosives are not confirmed to exist as separate phonemes in any language. They are sometimes written as ȹ ȸ (qp and db ligatures). They may also be found in children's speech or as speech impediments^{[citation needed]}.

See also

• Place of articulation
• List of phonetics topics
• Dentolabial consonant

v • d • e Consonants List · Table Pulmonics Bila​bial Labio​d. Den​tal Alv. Post. Retro​fl. Pal​a​tal Ve​lar Uvu​lar Pha​ryn. Epi​glot​t. Glot​tal Nasals m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ Plosives p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ Fricatives ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ Approxim. ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Flaps / taps ⱱ̟ ⱱ ɾ ɽ • • Lateral Fric. ɬ ɮ • • • Lateral Appr. l ɭ ʎ ʟ Non-pulmonics and other symbols [edit • talk]  Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ  Impl.  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ  Eject.  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ  Affr.  p̪͡f  t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ɕ d͡ʑ ʈ͡ʂ ɖ͡ʐ t͡ɬ d͡ɮ Other laterals  ɺ • ɫ Co-art. fricatives  ɕ ʑ ɧ Co-art. approxim.  ʍ w ɥ Co-articulated stops  k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m This table contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible. See also IPA · Vowels

---

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
All material adapted used from Wikipedia is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.
Seeking health information online: does Wikipedia matter?

---

---