Hawiye

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Main article: Somali clan
Hawiye
هاويي
Total population
Regions with significant populations
 Somalia
 Ethiopia
 Yemen
Languages
Somali
Religion
Islam (Sunni)
Related ethnic groups
Dir, Isaaq, other Somali clans

The Hawiye (Somali: Hawiiye, Arabic: هاويي‎) is a Somali clan whose members live in central and southern Somalia, in the Somali Region and the North Eastern Province (currently administered by Ethiopia and Kenya, respectively), and in smaller numbers in other countries. Like many Somalis, Hawiye members trace their ancestry to Irir Samaale. The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and Human Rights Watch indicate that Hawiye is the largest Somali clan.[1][2] Other sources, including the Canadian Report of the Somalia Commission of Inquiry, indicate that the Darod is the largest Somali clan.[3][4] As of 2007, Hawiye is the dominant clan in the Somali capital, Mogadishu.[5]

Contents

History

The first reference to the Hawiye dates back to the 13th century writings of the Arab geographer, Ibn Sa'id, who describes Merca as the "capital of Hawiye country". The 12th century cartographer Muhammad al-Idrisi may have referred to the Hawiye as well, as he called Merca the region of the "Hadiye", which Herbert S. Lewis believes is a scribal error for "Hawiye", as do Guilliani, Schleicher, and Cerulli.[6]

Al Jazeera News reported on April 13, 2007 that senior Hawiye leaders declared war on the Ethiopian army, which is positioned inside Somalia, and called upon their fellow Somalis to join them.[7]

Sons Of Hawiye

Hawiye sub-clans

Subclans of the Hawiye include:[8]

Notable Hawiye people

Literature

Military

Political

Politicians

Militia leaders

Religious leaders

Traditional rule

Political factions and organizations

Notes

  1. ^ Central Intelligence Agency (2002). "Ethnic Groups". Somalia Summary Map. Retrieved on February 15, 2006.
  2. ^ Human Rights Watch (1990). "Somalia: Human Rights Developments". Human Rights Watch World Report 1990. Retrieved on November 21, 2005.
  3. ^ "The Situation in Somalia". Report of the Somali Commission of Inquiry, Vol. 1. Retrieved on November 21, 2005.
  4. ^ Somalia Assesment 2001, Annex B: Somali Clan Structure, Country Information and Policy Unit, Home Office, Great Britain
  5. ^ "'Truce' after Somali gun battle", BBC News (2007-03-23). Retrieved on 13 April 2007. 
  6. ^ Herbert S. Lewis, "The Origins of the Galla and Somali", in The Journal of African History. Cambridge University Press, 1966, pp 27–30.
  7. ^ "Somali clan 'at war' with Ethiopia"
  8. ^ World Bank (January 2005). "Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics" (PDF). Appendix 2: Lineage Charts 56-57. Retrieved on June 15, 2006.