Dioecious

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Dioecious species are those whose individual members can produce only one type of gamete; each individual organism belonging to a dioecious species is distinctly female or male (the word deriving from the Greek for "two households"). The majority of animal species^[1] (for example, all mammals and most reptiles) are dioecious. In plant sexuality^[2][1], there are also dioecious species.

In plants

Main article: Sexual reproduction in plants

The term dioecious is typically used only of plants and plant species. In a dioecious species, no individual can produce both microspores and megaspores; individuals of the species are either androecious (male, producing microspores) or gynoecious (female, producing megaspores). Dioecious species cannot self-fertilize.

In most dioecious species the female plant is of homogametic sex XX and the male plant is of heterogametic sex XY. Exceptions where the male plants are of homogametic sex are Potentilla fruticosa and species of Cotula.^{[citation needed]} A few plant families are exclusively dioecious, such as the willow family, Salicaceae.

See also

• Hermaphrodite
• Plant sexuality

References

1. ^ "Wayne's Word Zoological Trivia For November 2001": "Major Phyla Of Animals"
2. ^ Russo, Ethan B., Tyler, Virginia M., (November 2000). Handbook of Psychotropic Herbs: A Scientific Analysis of Herbal Remedies for Psychiatric Conditions (1st ed.). Haworth Herbal Press: New York.

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