Республика Бурятия (Russian)
Буряад Республика (Buryat)
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Coat of arms of Buryatia
Flag of Buryatia
ISO 3166-2:RU
RU-BU
| Buryat Republic (English) Республика Бурятия (Russian) Буряад Республика (Buryat) |
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| Coat of Arms | Flag |
Coat of arms of Buryatia |
Flag of Buryatia |
| Anthem: National Anthem of the Buryat Republic | |
| Capital | Ulan-Ude |
| Established | May 30, 1923 |
| Political status | Republic |
| Federal District | Siberian[1] |
| Economic region | East Siberian[2] |
| Code ISO 3166-2:RU |
03 RU-BU |
| Area | |
| Area[3] | 351,300 km² (135,637.7 sq mi) |
| - Rank within Russia | 15th |
| Population (as of the 2002 Census) | |
| Population[4] | 981,238 inhabitants |
| - Rank within Russia | 56th |
| - Density | 2.8/km² (7.3/sq mi) |
| - Urban[4] | 59.6% |
| - Rural[4] | 40.4% |
| Official language(s) | Russian, Buryat[5] |
| Government (as of October 2008) | |
| President[6] | Vyacheslav Nagovitsyn[7] |
| Legislative body | People's Khural[6] |
| Constitution | Constitution of the Buryat Republic |
| Official website | |
| http://egov-buryatia.ru/ | |
Buryat Republic (Russian: Респу́блика Буря́тия; Buryat: Буряад Республика) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). The direct romanization of the republic's name is Respublika Buryatiya in Russian and Buryaad Respublika in Buryat.
Contents |
Buryatia is located in the South-Central region of Siberia along the eastern shore of Lake Baikal.
Buryatia is located in the Irkutsk Time Zone (IRKT/IRKST). UTC offset is +0800 (IRKT)/+0900 (IRKST).
Major rivers include:
Over 80% of republic's territory is located in the mountainous region, including the Baikal Mountains on the northern shores of Lake Baikal.
Buryatia's natural resources include gold, tungsten, zinc, uranium and more.
According to the 2002 Census, ethnic Russians make up two thirds of the republic's population, while the ethnic Buryats are only 27.8%. Other groups include Ukrainians (1.0%), Tatars (0.8%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population.
| 1926 census 1 | 1939 census | 1959 census | 1970 census | 1979 census | 1989 census | 2002 census | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buryats | 214,957 (43.8%) | 116,382 (21.3%) | 135,798 (20.2%) | 178,660 (22.0%) | 206,860 (23.0%) | 249,525 (24.0%) | 272,910 (27.8%) |
| Soyots | 161 (0.0%) | 2,739 (0.3%) | |||||
| Russians | 258,796 (52.7%) | 393,057 (72.0%) | 502,568 (74.6%) | 596,960 (73.5%) | 647,785 (72.0%) | 726,165 (69.9%) | 665,512 (67.8%) |
| Ukrainians | 1,982 (0.4%) | 13,392 (2.5%) | 10,183 (1.5%) | 10,769 (1.3%) | 15,290 (1.7%) | 22,868 (2.2%) | 9,585 (1.0%) |
| Tatars | 3,092 (0.6%) | 3,840 (0.7%) | 8,058 (1.2%) | 9,991 (1.2%) | 10,290 (1.1%) | 10,496 (1.0%) | 8,189 (0.8%) |
| Evenks | 2,808 (0.6%) | 1,818 (0.3%) | 1,335 (0.2%) | 1,685 (0.2%) | 1,543 (0.2%) | 1,679 (0.2%) | 2,334 (0.2%) |
| Others | 9,440 (1.9%) | 17,277 (3.2%) | 15,384 (2.3%) | 14,186 (1.7%) | 17,630 (2.0%) | 27,519 (2.7%) | 19,969 (2.0%) |
Vital Statistics for 2007: Source
| City/Town/District | Pp (2006) | Births | Deaths | Growth | BR | DR | NGR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buryatia | 963,300 | 14,193 | 13,930 | 263 | 14.8 | 14.5 | 0.03% |
| Ulan-Ude | 377,000 | 5,214 | 5,097 | 117 | 13.9 | 13.6 | 0.03% |
| Severobaykalsk | 25,800 | 330 | 246 | 84 | 12.8 | 9.6 | 0.32% |
| Barguzinsky District | 25,500 | 414 | 406 | 8 | 16.2 | 15.9 | 0.03% |
| Bauntovsky Evenkiysky District | 10,700 | 169 | 136 | 33 | 16 | 12.8 | 0.32% |
| Bichursky District | 26,800 | 365 | 465 | -100 | 13.6 | 17.3 | -0.37% |
| Dzhidinsky District | 31,100 | 544 | 434 | 110 | 17.6 | 14 | 0.36% |
| Yeravninsky District | 18,700 | 277 | 258 | 19 | 14.9 | 13.8 | 0.11% |
| Zaigrayevsky District | 48,900 | 762 | 871 | -109 | 15.6 | 17.8 | -0.22% |
| Zakamensky District | 30,500 | 550 | 487 | 63 | 18.1 | 16 | 0.21% |
| Ivolginsky District | 29,300 | 524 | 378 | 146 | 17.4 | 12.5 | 0.49% |
| Kabansky District | 64,500 | 803 | 1,061 | -258 | 12.5 | 16.5 | -0.40% |
| Kizhinginsky District | 18,300 | 344 | 233 | 111 | 18.6 | 12.6 | 0.60% |
| Kurumkansky District | 15,600 | 266 | 185 | 81 | 17.1 | 11.9 | 0.52% |
| Kyakhtinsky District | 40,000 | 688 | 571 | 117 | 17.1 | 14.2 | 0.29% |
| Muysky District | 15,900 | 203 | 154 | 49 | 12.9 | 9.8 | 0.31% |
| Mukhorshibirsky District | 28,100 | 383 | 474 | -91 | 13.6 | 16.9 | -0.33% |
| Okinsky District | 5,000 | 96 | 48 | 48 | 19 | 9.5 | 0.95% |
| Pribaykalsky District | 28,900 | 426 | 483 | -57 | 14.7 | 16.7 | -0.20% |
| Severo-Baykalsky District | 15,300 | 203 | 191 | 12 | 13.3 | 12.5 | 0.08% |
| Selenginsky District | 48,300 | 736 | 779 | -43 | 15.4 | 16.3 | -0.09% |
| Tarbagataysky District | 16,700 | 229 | 283 | -54 | 13.6 | 16.9 | -0.33% |
| Tunkinsky District | 23,200 | 350 | 396 | -46 | 15.1 | 17.1 | -0.20% |
| Khorinsky District | 19,200 | 317 | 294 | 23 | 16.5 | 15.3 | 0.12% |
The area of the modern day Buryatia was first colonized in the 1600s by Russians in search of wealth, furs and gold. In 1923, the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created through the union of the Buryat-Mongol and Mongol-Buryat Oblasts. In 1937, Aga Buryatia and Ust-Orda Buryatia were detached from the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR and merged with the Chita and Irkutsk oblasts, respectively. Besides, the Olkhon district was transferred from the Buryat-Mongolina ASSR to the Irkutsk oblast.
The head of government in Buryatia is the President, who is appointed by the President of Russia for a four-year term. Between 1991-2007, the President was Leonid Vasilyevich Potapov, who was elected on July 1, 1994, re-elected in 1998 (with 63.25% of votes), and then re-elected again on June 23, 2002 (with over 67% of votes). Prior to the elections, Potapov was the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic—the highest post at that time.
The Republic's parliament is the People's Khural, popularly elected every four years. The People's Khural has 65 deputies.
The Republic's Constitution was adopted on February 22, 1994.
The republic's economy is composed of important agricultural and commercial products including wheat, vegetables, potatoes, timber, leather, graphite and textiles. Fishing, hunting, fur farming, sheep and cattle farming, mining, stock raising, engineering, and food processing are also important economic generators.
The higher education institutions of the republic include Buryatia State University, Buryat State Academy of Agriculture, East Siberian State Academy of Arts and Culture, and East Siberian State Technological Institute.
Tibetan Buddhism, Shamanism, and Orthodox Christianity are the most widespread religions in Buryatia.
Lake Baikal is a popular tourist destination, especially in summer.
