Bilabial nasal

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IPA – number 114
IPA – text m
IPA – image {{{imagesize}}}
Entity m
X-SAMPA m
Kirshenbaum m
Sound sample (help·info)

The bilabial nasal is a type of consonantal sound used in almost all spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is m, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is m. The bilabial nasal occurs in English, and it is the sound represented by "m" in map and rum.

It occurs nearly universally, and few languages (e.g., Mohawk) are known to lack this sound.

Contents

Features

Features of the bilabial nasal:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Arabic Standard[1] مطابخ [mɑˈtˤɑːbiχ] 'kitchens' See Arabic phonology
Armenian իմ [im] 'my'
Catalan[2] immens [imˈmɛns] 'huge' See Catalan phonology
Chinese Mandarin 母親/mǔqīn [mu˨˩ tɕʰin˥] 'mother' See Standard Mandarin
Czech muž [mʊʃ] 'man' See Czech phonology
Dutch[3] mond [mɔnt] 'mouth' See Dutch phonology
English him [hɪm] 'him' See English phonology
Finnish minä [ˈminæ] 'I' See Finnish phonology
French[4] manger [mɑ̃ʒe] 'to eat' See French phonology
Georgian[5] სამი [ˈsɑmi] 'three'
German rühmen [ˈʁyːmən] 'to praise' See German phonology
Greek μάζα [ˈmaza] 'clump' See Modern Greek phonology
Hindi मकान [məkaːn] 'house' See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Hungarian ma [mɒ] 'today' See Hungarian phonology
Italian[6] mamma [ˈmamma] 'mamma' See Italian phonology
Japanese[7] 乾杯/kampai [kampai] 'a toast' See Japanese phonology
Korean 엄마/eomma [ʌmma] 'mommy' See Korean phonology
Maltese ilma [ilma] 'water'
Norwegian mamma [ˈmɑmːɑ] 'mom' See Norwegian phonology
Pirahã baíxi [màíʔì] 'parent' allophone of /b/
Polish[8] masa [ˈmasa] (help·info) 'mass' See Polish phonology
Portuguese[9] mato [ˈmatu] 'I kill' See Portuguese phonology
Russian[10] муж [muʂ] 'husband' Contrasts with palatalized version. See Russian phonology
Serbian милина/milina [milina] 'enjoyment'
Spanish[11] grumete [gɾuˈme̞te̞] 'cabin boy' See Spanish phonology
Swahili miti [ˈmiti] 'trees'
Swedish mask [mask] 'worm' See Swedish phonology
Tsez мец [mɛ̝t͡s] 'language, tongue'
Turkish benim [benim] 'mine' See Turkish phonology
Vietnamese me [mɛ] 'mom; tamarind' See Vietnamese phonology

See also

References

  1. ^ Thelwall (1990:37)
  2. ^ Carbonell & Llisterri (1992:53)
  3. ^ Gussenhoven (1992:45)
  4. ^ Fougeron & Smith (1993:73)
  5. ^ Shosted & Chikovani (2006:255)
  6. ^ Rogers & d'Arcangeli (2004:117)
  7. ^ Okada (1991:94)
  8. ^ Jassem (2003:103)
  9. ^ Cruz-Ferreira (1995:91)
  10. ^ Padgett (2003:42)
  11. ^ Martínez-Celdrán et al (2003:255)

Bibliography

v • d • e
Consonants
List · Table
Pulmonics Bila​bial Labio​d. Den​tal Alv. Post. Retro​fl. Pal​a​tal Ve​lar Uvu​lar Pha​ryn. Epi​glot​t. Glot​tal Non-pulmonics and other symbols
Nasals m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ
Plosives p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ Impl.  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ
Fricatives  ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ Eject.  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ
Approxim.  ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ Affr.  t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ɕ d͡ʑ t͡ʂ d͡ʐ t͡ɬ d͡ɮ p̪͡f
Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Other laterals  ɺ • ɫ
Flaps / taps • ѵ ɾ ɽ • • Co-art. fricatives  ɕ ʑ ɧ
Lateral Fric. ɬ ɮ • • • Co-art. approxim.  ʍ w ɥ
Lateral Appr. l ɭ ʎ ʟ Co-articulated stops  k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m
This table contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible.
See also IPA · Vowels