Yr rune

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Name Proto-Germanic Anglo-Saxon Old Norse *Algiz(?) Eolh Yr "elk" "yew" Shape Elder Futhark Futhorc Younger Futhark Unicode ᛉ U+16C9 ᛦ U+16E6 ᛧ U+16E7 Transliteration z x ʀ Transcription z x ʀ IPA [z] [ks] [ɻ], [r] Position in rune-row 15 16

The Yr rune ᛦ is a rune of the Younger Futhark. The name yr means "yew" in Old Norse.

It developed out of the Algiz rune as the Younger Futhark gradually began to replace the Elder Futhark from the around 600 CE. Its phonological value is also the continuation of the /z/ phoneme represented by Algiz, the word-final *-z in Proto Germanic, notably the nominative desinence (PIE *-s). In Proto-Norse pronounced closer to /r/, perhaps a retroflex approximant /ɻ/. Within Old Norse, the Proto-Norse phoneme collapses with the /r/ phoneme.

Its common transliteration is a small capital R.

Unicode has "Latin Small Capital Letter R" at codepoint U+0280 ʀ. A corresponding capital letter is at U+01A6 Ʀ, called "Latin Letter Yr". The rune itself is encoded at U+16E6 ᛦ "Long Branch Yr". Variants are "Short Twig Yr" at U+16E7 ᛧ and "Icelandic Yr" at U+16E8 ᛨ.

In the International Phonetic Alphabet lowercase ʀ represents a uvular trill.

Note that the unrelated Anglo-Saxon calc rune ᛣ has exactly the same shape as Younger Futhark yr.

See also

• Algiz
• Younger Futhark

References

Look up ʀ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.